Tsopano, kukuvuta kwambiri kugula mchere wapadziko lonse lapansi.Chifukwa magalimoto amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochulukirapo kuposa zida zachikhalidwe monga mafuta.Maiko atatu apamwamba omwe ali ndi nkhokwe za lithiamu ndi cobalt amawongolera pafupifupi 80% yazachuma padziko lonse lapansi.Mayiko omwe ali ndi chuma ayamba kulamulira chuma.Mayiko monga Europe, United States ndi Japan akalephera kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi chuma chokwanira, zolinga zawo za decarbonization zitha kukwaniritsidwa.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa njira ya decarbonization, ndikofunikira kusinthira magalimoto amafuta mosalekeza ndi magalimoto amagetsi atsopano monga magalimoto amagetsi, ndikusintha mphamvu zopangira magetsi otenthetsera ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi.Zogulitsa monga ma electrode a batri ndi injini sizingasiyanitsidwe ndi mchere.Zimanenedweratu kuti kufunikira kwa lithiamu kudzawonjezeka kufika ku 12.5 nthawi za 2020 ndi 2040, ndipo kufunikira kwa cobalt kudzakweranso nthawi 5.7.Kubiriwira kwa njira zoperekera mphamvu kudzayendetsa kukula kwa kufunikira kwa mchere.
Pakali pano, mitengo yonse ya mchere ikukwera.Tengani lithiamu carbonate yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabatire monga chitsanzo.Pofika chakumapeto kwa Okutobala, mtengo waku China wogulitsira monga chizindikiro chamakampani wakwera mpaka 190,000 yuan pa tani.Poyerekeza ndi chiyambi cha Ogasiti, chawonjezeka nthawi zoposa 2, kutsitsimula mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri m'mbiri.Chifukwa chachikulu ndikugawa kosagwirizana kwa madera opanga.Tengani lithiamu mwachitsanzo.Australia, Chile, ndi China, omwe ali m'gulu la atatu apamwamba, amawerengera 88% ya gawo lopanga lifiyamu padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe cobalt ndi 77% ya gawo lonse la mayiko atatu kuphatikiza Democratic Republic of Congo.
Pambuyo pakukula kwachuma kwanthawi yayitali, madera opanga zinthu adabalalika kwambiri, ndipo gawo lophatikizana la mayiko atatu apamwamba mumafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe ndi ochepera 50% padziko lonse lapansi.Koma monga kuchepa kwa gasi wachilengedwe ku Russia kwadzetsa kukwera kwa mitengo ya gasi ku Europe, chiwopsezo chazovuta zopezeka kuzinthu zachikhalidwe chikuchulukiranso.Izi ndizowona makamaka pazinthu zamchere zomwe zimakhala ndi malo ambiri opangira zinthu, zomwe zimatsogolera kutchuka kwa "resource nationalism".
Democratic Republic of Congo, yomwe ili ndi pafupifupi 70% ya kupanga cobalt, ikuwoneka kuti yayamba kukambirana za kukonzanso mapangano achitukuko omwe asainidwa ndi makampani aku China.
Chile ikuwunikanso bilu yokweza msonkho.Pakalipano, makampani akuluakulu a migodi omwe akukulitsa bizinesi yawo m'dzikoli akuyenera kulipira 27% msonkho wamakampani ndi msonkho wapadera wamigodi, ndipo msonkho weniweniwo ndi pafupifupi 40%.Chile tsopano ikukambirana za msonkho watsopano wa 3% wa mtengo wake pa migodi ya migodi, ndipo ikuganiza zoyambitsa ndondomeko ya msonkho yokhudzana ndi mtengo wamkuwa.Ngati zizindikirika, msonkho weniweniwo ukhoza kuwonjezeka kufika pafupifupi 80%.
EU ikuyang'ananso njira zochepetsera kudalira kwake kuchokera kunja popanga zothandizira m'madera ndikumanga maukonde obwezeretsanso.Kampani yamagalimoto amagetsi Tesla idapeza ma depositi a lithiamu ku Nevada.
Dziko la Japan, lomwe lili ndi zinthu zosoŵa, silingapeze njira yothetsera zokolola zapakhomo.Kaya ingagwirizane ndi Europe ndi United States kukulitsa njira zogulira zinthu zidzakhala chinsinsi.Pambuyo pa COP26 yomwe idachitika pa Okutobala 31, mpikisano wokhudza kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha wakula kwambiri.Ngati wina akumana ndi zolepheretsa pakugula zinthu, ndizothekadi kusiyidwa ndi dziko.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-22-2021