Mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zidzakula mu 2021, koma zovuta zapaintaneti zili pafupi

Malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa la msika wamagetsi osinthika kuchokera ku International Energy Agency, 2021 iphwanya mbiri yakukula kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa padziko lonse lapansi.Ngakhale kukwera mitengo kwa zinthu zambiri (ponena za maulalo osagulitsa, kugulitsa zinthu zambiri zomwe zili ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale ndi zaulimi ndikugwiritsa ntchito) zomwe zitha kulowa m'gawo lozungulira, zitha kulepheretsa kusintha koyeretsa. mphamvu m'tsogolo.

Izi zanenedwa mu lipoti kuti zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kumapeto kwa chaka chino, magetsi atsopano adzafika 290 watts.Mu 2021, idzaphwanya mbiri ya kukula kwa magetsi ongowonjezwdwa kumene kukhazikitsidwa chaka chatha.Voliyumu yatsopano ya chaka chino idapitilira zomwe zidanenedweratu ndi International Energy Agency (IEA) mchaka chachaka.IEA inanena panthawiyo kuti "kukula kwakukulu" kudzakhala "kwatsopano" kwa mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu.Bungwe la International Energy Agency lomwe linanena mu October 2020 “World Energy Outlook” linanena kuti mphamvu ya dzuwa ikuyembekezeka kukhala “mfumu yatsopano yamagetsi.”

Mphamvu za Dzuwa zipitilirabe kulamulira mu 2021, ndikukula kwa pafupifupi 160 GW.Ndilo gawo lopitilira theka la mphamvu zatsopano zowonjezera chaka chino, ndipo International Energy Agency ikukhulupirira kuti izi zipitilira zaka zisanu zikubwerazi.Malinga ndi lipoti latsopano, pofika chaka cha 2026, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zitha kuwerengera 95% ya mphamvu zatsopano zamagetsi padziko lapansi.Bungwe la International Energy Agency likuneneratu kuti padzakhala chiwonjezeko chambiri pakupangira magetsi opangidwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho, zomwe zitha kuwirikiza katatu nthawi yomweyo.Bungwe la International Energy Agency linanena kuti pofika chaka cha 2026, mphamvu zopangira magetsi ongowonjezwdwa padziko lonse lapansi zitha kukhala zofanana ndi mafuta amasiku ano amafuta ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya ataphatikiza.Uku ndikusintha kwakukulu.Mu 2020, mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zidzangotengera 29% yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi.

Komabe, ngakhale izi, pali "chifunga" china m'manenedwe atsopano a International Energy Agency pa mphamvu zowonjezera.Kukwera kwamitengo ya zinthu, zotumiza ndi mphamvu zonse zikuwopseza chiyembekezo chomwe chinalipo kale cha mphamvu zowonjezera.Malinga ndi International Energy Agency, kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa 2020, mtengo wa polysilicon womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma solar wakwera kanayi.Poyerekeza ndi chaka cha 2019, ndalama zogulira zida zamagetsi zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi magetsi adzuwa zakwera ndi 25%.

Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi kuwunika kwina kwa Rystad Energy, chifukwa cha kukwera kwamitengo yazinthu ndi zoyendera, opitilira theka la mapulojekiti atsopano adzuwa omwe akuyembekezeka kukhazikitsidwa mu 2022 angakumane ndi kuchedwa kapena kuyimitsidwa.Ngati mitengo yamtengo wapatali ikadali yokwera m'chaka chomwe chikubwera, zaka zitatu kapena zisanu zopindula kuchokera ku mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo, motsatira, zingakhale zopanda phindu.M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, mtengo wa photovoltaic modules wagwa kwambiri, kuyendetsa bwino mphamvu ya dzuwa.Mtengo wa mphamvu ya dzuwa watsika kuchokera ku US $ 30 pa watt mu 1980 kufika ku US $ 0.20 pa watt mu 2020. Pofika chaka chatha, mphamvu ya dzuwa inali yotsika mtengo kwambiri ya magetsi m'madera ambiri padziko lapansi.

Fatih Birol, Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa IEA, adanena pamsonkhano wa atolankhani kuti: "Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya zinthu ndi mphamvu zomwe tikuwona lero zabweretsa zovuta zatsopano pamakampani opanga mphamvu zowonjezereka.Kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta kwapangitsanso kuti magetsi ongongowonjezwdwanso azipambana.”Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti pofika chapakati pa zaka za m’ma 1900 uno, mpweya wotenthetsera mpweya wochokera ku zinthu zakale zokwiririka pansi pa nthaka uyenera kuthetsedwa pafupifupi kutheratu kupeŵa kusintha kwa nyengo koopsa.Bungweli linanena kuti kuti akwaniritse cholingachi, mphamvu zatsopano zopangira mphamvu zowonjezera ziyenera kukula pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri zomwe bungwe la International Energy Agency likuyembekezera m'zaka zisanu zikubwerazi.