Bungwe la International Energy Agency (IEA) linanena kuti ngakhale kukwera kwamitengo yazinthu komanso kukwera kwamitengo yopangira, chitukuko cha solar photovoltaic padziko lonse chaka chino chikuyembekezeka kukwera ndi 17%.
M'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ntchito zothandizira mphamvu za dzuwa zimapereka mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa magetsi atsopano, makamaka pakukwera kwa mitengo ya gasi.IEA ikuneneratu kuti mu 2021, 156.1GW ya makhazikitsidwe a photovoltaic idzawonjezedwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Izi zikuyimira mbiri yatsopano.Ngakhale zili choncho, chiwerengerochi chikadali chocheperapo kusiyana ndi chiyembekezero china cha chitukuko ndi kukhazikitsa.Bungwe lofufuza kafukufuku la BloombergNEF likuneneratu kuti 191GW yamphamvu yadzuwa yatsopano idzakhazikitsidwa chaka chino.
Mosiyana ndi izi, IHS Market yomwe ikuyembekezeka kuyika mphamvu ya dzuwa mu 2021 ndi 171GW.Dongosolo lachitukuko chapakatikati lomwe lakonzedwa ndi bungwe lazamalonda la SolarPower Europe ndi 163.2GW.
IEA inanena kuti msonkhano wa kusintha kwa nyengo wa COP26 udalengeza cholinga chofuna mphamvu zoyera.Ndi chithandizo champhamvu cha ndondomeko za boma ndi zolinga za mphamvu zoyera, photovoltaic ya dzuwa "imakhalabe gwero la kukula kwa mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu."
Malinga ndi lipotilo, pofika chaka cha 2026, mphamvu zowonjezera zidzawerengera pafupifupi 95% ya kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zapadziko lonse, ndipo photovoltaic ya dzuwa yokha idzawerengera oposa theka.Kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa photovoltaic kudzakwera kuchoka pa 894GW chaka chino kufika pa 1.826TW mu 2026.
Pansi pa chidziwitso cha chitukuko chofulumira, mphamvu yatsopano yapachaka ya photovoltaic yapadziko lonse idzapitirira kukula, kufika pafupifupi 260 GW pofika 2026. Misika yofunika kwambiri monga China, Europe, United States, ndi India ili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha kukula, pamene misika yomwe ikubwera monga Kum'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa ndi ku Middle East kukuwonetsanso kukula kwakukulu.
Fatih Birol, Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa IEA, adanena kuti chaka chino kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kwakhazikitsa mbiri, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti chizindikiro china chikuwonekera mu chuma chatsopano cha mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi.
"Kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta ndi mphamvu zomwe tikuziwona masiku ano kumabweretsa zovuta kumakampani opanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, koma kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta opangira mafuta kumapangitsanso mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso kukhala zopikisana."
IEA idaperekanso dongosolo lachitukuko chofulumira.Dongosololi likuganiza kuti boma lathetsa zovuta zololeza, kuphatikiza ma gridi, ndi kusowa kwa malipiro, ndipo limapereka chithandizo chandalama chothandizira kusintha.Malinga ndi dongosololi, 177.5GW ya solar photovoltaic idzatumizidwa padziko lonse lapansi chaka chino.
Ngakhale mphamvu zoyendera dzuwa zikuchulukirachulukira, mapulojekiti amagetsi ongowonjezwdwanso akuyembekezeka kukhala ochepa kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka komwe kukufunika kuti akwaniritse zolinga zapadziko lonse lapansi zotulutsa net-zero pofika pakati pazaka za zana lino.Malinga ndi cholinga ichi, pakati pa 2021 ndi 2026, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zopangira mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu kudzakhala pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri zomwe zafotokozedwa mu lipotilo.
Lipoti lodziwika bwino la World Energy Outlook lotulutsidwa ndi IEA mu Okutobala likuwonetsa kuti mumsewu wa IEA wa 2050 net zero emission roadmap, chiwonjezeko chapachaka cha ma solar photovoltaics kuyambira 2020 mpaka 2030 chidzafika 422GW.
Kukwera kwamtengo wa silicon, chitsulo, aluminiyamu, ndi mkuwa ndi chinthu chosasangalatsa pamitengo yazinthu.
IEA inanena mu lipoti laposachedwa kuti pakali pano, kukwera kwamitengo kwazinthu kwapangitsa kuti pakhale chiwongola dzanja chokwera pamabizinesi.Zopangira zopangira komanso kukwera kwamitengo yamagetsi m'misika ina zawonjezera zovuta zina kwa opanga ma solar photovoltaic kwakanthawi kochepa.
Kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa 2020, mtengo wa polysilicon ya photovoltaic-grade wakula kuposa kanayi, zitsulo zawonjezeka ndi 50%, aluminiyamu wawonjezeka ndi 80%, ndipo mkuwa wawonjezeka ndi 60%.Kuphatikiza apo, mitengo yonyamula katundu kuchokera ku China kupita ku Europe ndi North America yakweranso kwambiri, nthawi zina kakhumi.
IEA ikuyerekeza kuti mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa zinthu ndi katundu umakhala pafupifupi 15% ya ndalama zonse zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya solar photovoltaic investment.Malinga ndi kuyerekeza kwamitengo yamtengo wapatali kuyambira 2019 mpaka 2021, ndalama zonse zopangira magetsi opangira magetsi zitha kukwera ndi 25%.
Kukwera kwa katundu ndi katundu kwakhudza mitengo yamakontrakitala a ma tender aboma, ndipo misika monga Spain ndi India yawona mitengo yokwera kwambiri chaka chino.IEA inanena kuti kukwera mtengo kwa zipangizo zomwe zimafunikira magetsi a photovoltaic zimakhala zovuta kwa omanga omwe apambana malonda ndi kuyembekezera kutsika kwa mtengo wa modules.
Malinga ndi IEA, kuyambira 2019 mpaka 2021, pafupifupi 100GW yama projekiti a solar photovoltaic ndi mphepo yamphamvu yomwe yapambana mabizinesi koma siyinayambe kugwira ntchito akukumana ndi chiwopsezo cha kugwedezeka kwamitengo yazinthu, zomwe zingachedwetse kuyitanidwa kwa polojekitiyi.
Ngakhale izi, zotsatira za kukwera kwa mitengo yamtengo wapatali pakufunika kwa mphamvu zatsopano ndizochepa.Maboma sanasinthe mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoletsa ma tender, ndipo kugula kwamakampani kukuphwanya mbiri ina pachaka.
Ngakhale kuti pali chiopsezo cha mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya nthawi yayitali, IEA inanena kuti ngati mitengo yamtengo wapatali ndi yonyamula katundu idzachepa posachedwa, kutsika kwa mtengo wa photovoltaic wa dzuwa kudzapitirira, ndipo kukhudzidwa kwa nthawi yaitali pakufunika kwa teknolojiyi. mwina idzakhalanso yaying'ono kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-07-2021